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vasoconstriction:
As it relates to GelCool Systems products: Placing an object whose temperature was too cold on the head could cause vasoconstriction. This would actually cause the blood flow to be reduced due to the constricted blood vessels. This would be counterproductive in our effort to cool our users.
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Cabanac, M., and Brinnel, H. (1985). Blood flow in the emissary veins of the head during hyperthermia. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 54, 172-176. Cabanac, M., and Caputa, M. (1979). Natural selective cooling of the human brain: Evidence of its occurrence and magnitude. Journal of Physiology, 286, 255264.
GelCool Systems Has Applied for Trademarks for the Logos and Names Used in this Website. GelCool Systems Has Applied for Patents for The Products Listed on this Website.
GelCool Systems Does Not Represent That The Use of These Products Will Eliminate All Risk of Heat Illness or Related Illnesses. It Remains The Responsibility of the User to Determine Whether Conditions Are Safe for Physical Exertion. Some Environments Are Unsafe (Too Hot and/or Humid for the Given Level of Physical Exertion in Warm Weather, or Too Cold in Cold Weather) Regardless of the Methods Used to Mitigate the Heat Risk (Such as the Use of GelCool Systems Products). ThereforeGelCool Systems Assumes No Responsibility for any Injury Suffered While Using Our Products. GelCool Systems, Inc. Products are NOT Designed to Protect from Physical Shock, Trauma or Blows to the Head. The ONLY Recommended Use of Our Products is to Provide Cooling (or Winter Warming) to the User's Head.
The Use of GelCool Systems' Products is Only One Part of An Overall Thermal Safety Program Which Must Include Proper Hydration, Core Body Temperature Management, and Appropriate Levels of Physical Exertion.